Cleaning and polishing liquid for varnished surfaces and process of making same.



STATES PA OFFICE.

GEORGE non BEYMEE, or PORTLAND, OREGON, assrcnon. T Gus E. HUPNER, 0E

- OMAHA, NEBRASKA.

I CLEANING AND POLISHING LIQUID FOR VARNISHED SURFACES AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

No Drawing.

' I To all whom it may camera:

" and I attain this object by Be it known that I, GEORGE Dori BEYMER,

a citizen of the United States, residingat Portland, in the county of Mu'ltnomah and State of Oregon, have invented certain new 'and useful Improvements in Cleaning and Polishing Liquids for varnished Surfaces and Processes of Making Same; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full,

clear, and exact description of the invention,

such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The object of this invention is to provide a means for filling the pores of varnished or enameled surfaces, and to renew the same; the combining of the materials herein described, and possess 'ing when combined as described the capacity for accomplishing the results mentioned.

Another object of my invention is to supply to dead and dry varnished, enameled or other surfaces, a high luster, and to make the surface hard, dry and practically nonporous and water-proof, and also proof against atmospheric action.

Another object of my invention is to make provision whereby an intimate bond is formed between the substance of which my coating is produced and the varnish or enamel upon which I produce the polished coating. 7

In order that the purposes of this invention may be accomplished, it isnecessary that the Venice turpentine and thegumarabic used shall be brought to a practically fluid condition; that is to say they must be brought into a condition in which they may be spread over the surface to be treated in a very thin coating.

- I will now first describe the method of producingsaid liquid paste; then the method of Method of producing the liquid paste. I Take two ounces, avoirdupois, of gum camphor and pulverize the same in a mortar Specification of Letters l atent.

Application filed December 30, 1914. Serial No. 879,702.

camphor is dissolved, after which the same may be set aside to cool. Too rapid or too long heating would tend to drive off the gum-camphor and should be avoided. For convenience this liquid is termed No. 1.

Next pulverize with a pestle in. a mortar, two ounces, avoirdupois, of gum arabic; then add to the pulverized gum about two fluid ounces or more of water and rub up the same until the gum is in' a fluid condition; and {pr conveniencethis mixture is termed liquid To the liquid No. 2 thus produced add three ounces, avoirdupois, ofV enice turpentine, mixing the same thoroughly in the mortar. When this mixing has been thoroughly accomplished, the gum-acacia and Venice turpentine will be in a condition to receive and mix with the ingredients subsequently to be added thereto. Thereupon add to said liquid N o. 2 one fluid ounce of oil-of-sassafras, pouring the same slowly into the liquid and constantly stirring the mass; the oil thus added will cause an emulsion and must be added slowly.

. To this emulsion add slowly three fluid ounces of olive oil constantly stirring the mass. Then add the cooled composition (liquid No. 1) of gum-camphor and oil-ofsweet-almonds. The substance used in the above described method, except while dissolving the gum-camphor, are at the ordinary normal temperatures above 32 degrees Fahrenheit. After the mixture of gum-camphor and oil-of-sweet-almonds has been added to the emulsion, the product is still in the form of an emulsion. To this emulsion add slowly, while constantly stirring the mass, two and one-half fluid ounces of hydrochloric acid, and then add from two and one-half to four ouncesof sulfuric acid,

constantly stirring the mass all the time.

The addition of the sulfuric acid will cause an emission of fumes and will bring the composition to a boiling heat and finally turn it black. Provision should be made 'tocarry 05 the fumes as they are disagreeable and detrimental to health; The stirring may. now be suspended and observation made tov it may be mixed with the vehicle and the resulting composition thus formed sold to the trade.

By forming the paste from the materials specified, as set forth, apaste'is obtained which embodies acid sufficient to cut the grease and soften the varnish, and Venice turpentine and gum-arabic suflicient to close and cover the minute pores of the varnished surface so cleaned and softened.

The vegetable oils serve as a permanent vehicle for the constituents. Theyare neutralized by the acids so that they will not forinan oily surface. The turpentine and gum are in a minutely-divided condition and are capable of being mixed with a further vehicle, over a surface as to be devoid of all stickiness.

Method of making the vehicle.

To one-half gallon of pure cider vinegar, add three-eighths of a gallon of coal-oil and one-eighth of a gallon of spirits of turpaste made by the above-mentioned process.

. separation by gravity Method of making the cleaning and polishing composition.

composition must be well shaken before using. The judgment of the maker must be used to some extent to determine the proportions of paste and vehicle requisite to obtain the best results; for if the proportion of paste is too great, the application of the and thereupon spread so finely will occur, and the composition to a varnished surface will cause the varnish to soften too much; While if the proportion of paste is too little, the composition will not be sufficiently efiective to outer clean a rough surface.

The purpose of the gum-ca-mphor is to assist in producing the required combination of the various elements and to harden and dry. the paste and assist in giving luster to the surface. The purpose of the spirits of turpentine is to cause a desirable drying of the vehicle to occur when the composition is to be used in cleaning surfaces having corners where the operator cannot thoroughly rub the same.

The purpose of the coal-oil and vinegar is to assist in cutting off the dirt, grease, dead varnish, or any foreign substance, and to assist in rubbing down and smoothing the surface of the varnish, and also to afl'ord vehicle for the paste, so that a non-drying be thoroughly rubbed into the the same may pores.

In cases where objects to be cleaned are heavily coated with dirt, smoke or other matter accumulated by exposure, as for instance, railroad cars and the like, I deem it desirable to reduce the amount of spirits of turpentine to one-half 0r one-third of the amount above specified, and to correspondingly increase the amount of coal-oil so as to afiord a cleaning composition that will dry more slowly than that in which the above specified amounts of spirits of turpentine and coal-oil are used.

Method of operating to produce a hard polished coating.

with my composition dry smooth surface of In practical use, the operator will shake the cleaning composition well, and will then saturate a piece of waste or other suitable material "with such composition and will dip the same into some rotten stone to cause rotten stone to adhere thereto, and will then rub the surface to be cleaned with the saturated waste. The eifect is to cut the dirt and accumulations from the surface to be cleaned, and to leave said surface ready to be polished. The rotten stone assists in reducing the scratches, cracks, mars, and packing 'marks, if any, on the surface, and

assists in smoothing the surface of the var-' a dry or comparatively dry piece of waste I and rub the coated surface. Then the workman will take another dry piece of waste and will rub the surface lightly at first in order not to mar the softened surface of the cleaned varnish until the air has had time harder and with more pressure, thus bring- 1 ing the surface'to a high polish and luster.

The cleaning composition made after the manner above described dries slowly, so long as the vehicle is present, thus enabling the workman to rub the surface as long as he likes, with but very little loss by evaporation from the saturatedwaste and from the surface coated with the cleaning composition. And it is only after the vehicle has been removed by .the drier waste that the'drying effects begin to be noticeable on the coated surface. By reason of this it is possible for the workman to rub while moist any especially marred portions of the surface for such a time as may be necessary to "smooth the surface and remove the mars; then when it is desired to produce a glossy, glass-like polished surface, the vehicle will be wipedoff and the stated. I

The use of the cleaning and polishing composition for removing rust and restoring polished metal surfaces, is substantially the same as that just described. The use on mirpolishing effected in the manner rors and glass surfaces is also substantially the same as that above detailed.

By numerous applications to a raw, wooden surface, the composition may be made to produce a hard polished surface of great durability without-the use of varnish. After each application the surface should be rubbed hard and dry. For such use the coaloil should be omitted from the vehicle, and the proportions of the paste and vehicle should be about 1 to ,4.

This composition is applicable for finishing the wood work of musical instruments as violins, mandolins, guitars, pianos, organs, etc.

In making this invention and discovery I have employed a. combination .of vegetable and mineral oils, the one to form an enduring vehicle for the paste and the other a transient vehicle for spreading the coating material over the surface. The purpose of using the vegetable oils in the paste is to provide for the Venice turpentine and gumarabic, a vehicle that will not be affected by the vehicle which is used to spread the paste. In making the paste, the gum-camphor might be dissolved by heating the same in the ollve oil instead of 1n the oil-of-sweetalmonds, but I find it advisable to dissolve the gum-camphor in the oil of sweet-a1 monds instead of in the olive oil or oil of sas- 1 stantially as specified.

comprising the reaction products of Venice turpentine, gum-arabic, gum-camphor, a vegetable oil, a mineral oil, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in proportions substantially as set forth.

2. A cleaning and polishing composition comprising the reaction products of Venice turpentine, gum-arabiqgum-camphor, oil of sassafras, olive oil, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oil of sweet-almonds, cider vinegar, and coal oil in as set forth.

3. A cleaning and polishing composition comprising the reaction products of Venice turpentine, gum-arabic, gum-camphor, oil of sassafras, olive oil, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oil of sweet-almonds, cider vinegar, coal oil and spirits of turpentine, in proportions substantially as set forth.

proportions substantially 4. A cleaning and polishing composition comprising the reaction products of Venice turpentine, gunrarabic, gum-camphor, oil of sassafras, olive oil, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, oil of sweet-almonds, cider vinegar,'coal oil, spirits of tur entine, and rotten stone in forth.

5 A liquid paste comprisingthe reaction products of Venice turpentine, gum-arabic, gum-camphor, vegetable oils, hydrochloric acid, and sulfuric acid in proportions sub- 6. A liquid aste comprising the reaction products of enice turpentine,'gum-arabic, gum-camphor, oil of sassafras, olive oil, oil of sweet almonds, hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in specified.

7. The method of producing a liquid paste proportions su stantially as set proportions v substantially as i comprising mixing together 'asolution of gum-camphor and oil of sweet almonds and an aqueous solution of gum-arabic, then mixing therewith Venice turpentine and .adding thereto oil of sassafras and stirring the same to produce an emulsion, then mixing olive oil with gum-camphor and oil of sweet almonds, adding the mixture of' olive oil, gum-camphor and, oil of sweet-almonds to the said emulsion, and thenadding to the final product thus formed hydrochloric acid I reaction products of gum-arabic, Venice turreaction products of gum-arabic, Venice turpentine, gum-camphor, a vegetable oil, an pentine, gum-camphor, a vegetable oil, rotinorganic acid, rotten stone, vinegar, and a ten stone, an inorganic acid, vinegar, spirits 1 mineral oil substantially in the proportions of turpentine, and coal oil substantially in set forth. the proportions set forth. a

9. A cleaning composition containing the In testimony whereof I affix my signature reaction products ofhgum-ara-bic, glenice turin presence of two Witnesses.

entine -cam or ave eta e oil an ihQrganic Zi d, rot ten stone, inegar, spirits GEORGE DON BEYMER' of turpentine, and a mineral oil substantially Witnesses: in-the proportions set forth. CHAS. L. DUDLEY,

' 10. A cleaning composition containing the RUTH SEAY. 

